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REVISED Chapter 5: Society and Inequality in Eurasia/North Africa

Chinese Society: Only men can move into positions of political power. The wealthy elite made up most of those who went on to hold great positions of power. Wu Di established an academy in 124 B.C.E where young men of promise could be trained in history, literature, art, and mathematics with an emphasis on confucian teachings before they were sent to the capital for examinations. The examination system provided a bit of limited mobility that the was not otherwise offered by the hierarchal structure of Chinese society. Men from common families could attend school if they were sponsored, perhaps by landowners, to bring honor to their village and enter the circle of elite officials. The examination system was a key factor unique to chinese society. Those who entered bureaucracy traveled in carriages, wore robes and headdresses, and given seals appropriate to their rank as doing so was considered of the greatest honor. In China, wealth meant land. in 210 B.C.E. most small-scale peasants and...
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Chapter 4: Culture and Religion

Once there were scholars there was a need for guidance and for belief on how to act and what life was all about. Confucianism was a religion developed around a strict patriarchy and was about those who were "superior" being dignified and genuine and those inferior being obedient in response to the niceness of those above them. Daoism was created in opposition of confucianism, being largely centered around the natural world and the gods who are in it. In Daoism there were no formal worship places or rituals as in confucianism. Hinduism was developed in India and was written in language imaccesible to most of the people. It was centered around good values that would result in good karma or higher caste placement in reincarnation. Women were still subordinate to men, educating themselves to serve their husbands. Buddhism was in response to this elite religion, with no formal wordhip place nor rituals. It's founder, Buddha, or Siddhartha believed that enough devotion to Buddh...
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Chapter 3: State and Empire in Eurasia/North America

During this second wave of civilizations nothing significant developed in terms of the human way of life like the agricultural revolution or Industrial revolution. The Persian and Greek empires were the first of the second wave, frequently clashing and fighting one another. Both had their own types of empires, Persia entirely centralized and Greece uniting it's States for battles. After these empires came Roman and Chinese Empires that expanded to incredible lengths over Eurasia. The Chinese Empire outlasted all of the forementioned by centuries, lasting well into the 20th century. In contradt to all of these powerful empires, India was united not by political organization but more as a Hindu community as well as their caste system.
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